雪萊《往昔》

1

你可會忘記那快樂的時(shí)刻，

被我們在愛之亭榭下埋沒

對著那冰冷的尸體，我們鋪了

不是青苔，而是葉子和鮮花。

呵，鮮花是失去的快樂，

葉子是希望，還依然留貯。

２

你可忘了那逝去的 它可有

一些幽靈，會出來替它復(fù)仇！

它有記憶，會把心變?yōu)閴災(zāi)梗?/p>

還有悔恨，溜進(jìn)精神底濃霧

會對你陰沉地低聲說：

快樂一旦消失，就是痛苦。

１８１８年

查良錚 譯　

雪萊的詩：

雪萊《致華茲華斯》

往昔的近義詞

往昔的近義詞是從前。往昔是漢語詞匯，拼音是wǎng xī，意思是往日，過去的日子。

《戰(zhàn)國策·秦策一》:"臣敢言往昔。"北齊 顏之推 《顏氏家訓(xùn)·文章》:"今世音律諧靡，章句偶對，諱避精詳，賢於往昔多矣。"

《百喻經(jīng)·三重樓喻》:"往昔之世，有富愚人，癡無所知，到富馀家，見三重樓，高廣嚴(yán)麗，軒敞疏朗，心生渴仰。"

唐杜甫《壯游》詩:"往昔十四五，出游翰墨場。"清蒲松齡《聊齋志異·小翠》:"我今回憶往昔，都如夢寐，何也?"毛澤東 《沁園春·長沙》詞:"憶往昔崢嶸歲月稠。"

近義詞:過去、往昔、往日、過去、早先、先前、從前、以往、往日、平昔、舊日、向日、年時(shí)、早年、早歲、昔年、古昔、宿昔、逝波。昔日、過去、往日、過去、早先、先前、從前、以往、往日、平昔、舊日、年時(shí)、早年

《往昔》是英國詩人 雪萊(1792-1822)所作的詩。雪萊是英國文學(xué)史上最有才華的抒情詩人之一，更被譽(yù)為詩人中的詩人。其一生見識廣泛，不僅是 柏拉圖主義者，更是個(gè)偉大的 理想主義者。 創(chuàng)作的詩歌節(jié)奏明快，積極向上。

詩人雪萊的一句名句

西 風(fēng) 頌

雪萊

一

剽悍的西風(fēng)啊, 你是暮秋的呼吸,
因你無形的存在, 枯葉四處逃竄,
如同魔鬼見到了巫師, 紛紛躲避;

那些枯葉, 有黑有白, 有紅有黃,
像遭受了瘟疫的群體, 哦, 你呀,
西風(fēng), 你讓種籽展開翱翔的翅膀,

飛落到黑暗的冬床, 冰冷地躺下,
像一具具尸體深葬于墳?zāi)? 直到
你那蔚藍(lán)色的陽春姐妹凱旋歸家,

向睡夢中的大地吹響了她的號角,
催促蓓蕾, 有如驅(qū)使吃草的群羊,
讓漫山遍野注滿生命的芳香色調(diào);

剽悍的精靈, 你的身影遍及四方,
哦,聽吧, 你既在毀壞, 又在保藏!

二

在你的湍流中, 在高空的騷動中,
紛亂的云塊就像飄零飛墜的葉子,
你從天空和海洋相互交錯的樹叢

抖落出傳送雷雨以及閃電的天使;
在你的氣體波濤的蔚藍(lán)色的表面,
恰似酒神女祭司的頭上豎起縷縷

亮閃閃的青絲, 從朦朧的地平線
一直到蒼天的頂端, 全都披散著
即將來臨的一場暴風(fēng)驟雨的發(fā)卷,

你就是唱給垂死歲月的一曲挽歌,
四合的夜幕, 是巨大墓陵的拱頂,
它建構(gòu)于由你所集聚而成的氣魄,

可是從你堅(jiān)固的氣勢中將會噴迸
黑雨、電火以及冰雹; 哦, 請聽!

三

你啊, 把藍(lán)色的地中海從夏夢中
喚醒, 它曾被清澈的水催送入眠,
就一直躺在那個(gè)地方, 酣睡沉沉,

睡在拜伊海灣的一個(gè)石島的旁邊,
在睡夢中看到古老的宮殿和樓臺
在烈日之下的海波中輕輕地震顫,

它們?nèi)奸_滿鮮花, 又生滿青苔,
散發(fā)而出的醉人的芳香難以描述!
見到你, 大西洋的水波豁然裂開,

為你讓出道路, 而在海底的深處,
枝葉里面沒有漿汁的淤泥的叢林
和無數(shù)的?；ā⑸汉? 一旦聽出

你的聲音, 一個(gè)個(gè)頓時(shí)膽戰(zhàn)心驚,
顫栗著, 像遭了劫掠, 哦, 請聽!

四

假如我是一片任你吹卷的枯葉,
假若我是一朵隨你飄飛的云彩,
或是在你威力之下喘息的水波,

分享你強(qiáng)健的搏動, 悠閑自在,
不羈的風(fēng)啊, 哪怕不及你自由,
或者, 假若我能像童年的時(shí)代,

陪伴著你在那天國里任意翱游,
即使比你飛得更快也并非幻想——
那么我絕不向你這般苦苦哀求:

啊, 卷起我吧! 如同翻卷波浪、
或像橫掃落葉、或像驅(qū)趕浮云!
我躍進(jìn)人生的荊棘, 鮮血直淌!

歲月的重負(fù)縛住了我這顆靈魂,
它太像你了:敏捷、高傲、不馴。

五

拿我當(dāng)琴吧, 就像那一片樹林,
哪怕我周身的葉兒也同樣飄落!
你以非凡和諧中的狂放的激情

讓我和樹林都奏出雄渾的秋樂,
悲涼而又甜美?？癖┑木`喲,
但愿你我迅猛的靈魂能夠契合!

把我僵死的思想撒向整個(gè)宇宙,
像枯葉被驅(qū)趕去催促新的生命!
而且, 依憑我這首詩中的符咒,

把我的話語傳給天下所有的人,
就像從未熄的爐中撥放出火花!
讓那預(yù)言的號角通過我的嘴唇

向昏沉的大地吹奏! 哦, 風(fēng)啊,
如果冬天來了, 春天還會遠(yuǎn)嗎?

英文版：

Ode to the West Wind

- Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)

I
1 O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being,
2 Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
3 Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,

4 Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
5 Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou,
6 Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed

7 The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,
8 Each like a corpse within its grave, until
9 Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow

10 Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
11 (Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
12 With living hues and odours plain and hill:

13 Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;
14 Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!

II
15 Thou on whose stream, mid the steep sky's commotion,
16 Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed,
17 Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,

18 Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread
19 On the blue surface of thine a{:e}ry surge,
20 Like the bright hair uplifted from the head

21 Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge
22 Of the horizon to the zenith's height,
23 The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge

24 Of the dying year, to which this closing night
25 Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre,
26 Vaulted with all thy congregated might

27 Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere
28 Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear!

III
29 Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams
30 The blue Mediterranean, where he lay,
31 Lull'd by the coil of his cryst{`a}lline streams,

32 Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay,
33 And saw in sleep old palaces and towers
34 Quivering within the wave's intenser day,

35 All overgrown with azure moss and flowers
36 So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou
37 For whose path the Atlantic's level powers

38 Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below
39 The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear
40 The sapless foliage of the ocean, know

41 Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear,
42 And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!

IV
43 If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear;
44 If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee;
45 A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share

46 The impulse of thy strength, only less free
47 Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even
48 I were as in my boyhood, and could be

49 The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven,
50 As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed
51 Scarce seem'd a vision; I would ne'er have striven

52 As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.
53 Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!
54 I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!

55 A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd
56 One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud.

V
57 Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:
58 What if my leaves are falling like its own!
59 The tumult of thy mighty harmonies

60 Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone,
61 Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce,
62 My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!

63 Drive my dead thoughts over the universe
64 Like wither'd leaves to quicken a new birth!
65 And, by the incantation of this verse,

66 Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth
67 Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!
68 Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth

69 The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,
70 If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

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